Carbon Tetrachloride - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Carbon tetrachloride. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a potent hepatotoxin [107] and has been used extensively to produce liver fibrosis in rats and mice, and recently in monkeys [108]. A single dose leads to centrizonal necrosis and steatosis, whilst prolonged exposure leads to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and HCC [109,110]. CCl 4 acts in two stages.
Carbon Tetrachloride - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a colorless, highly volatile liquid with a sweetish (ethereal) odor similar to chloroform. It decomposes to highly toxic fumes of phosgene upon heating. Carbon tetrachloride is primarily used in the production of chlorofluorocarbons that are used as refrigerants. It has also been used as an anthelminthic, an ...
Carbon Tetrachloride - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
2013年11月15日 · Carbon Tetrachloride. Carbon tetrachloride is a chemical compound known for its wide range of applications as a solvent for organic compounds, fats, oils, and waxes, as well as a reagent in chemical reactions. However, its most common use has been banned due to its highly toxic properties, including liver and kidney toxicity.
Long-term effectiveness and sustainability of EHC remediation in …
2024年1月5日 · After 30 days, the concentration of carbon tetrachloride further decreased to 0.14–0.24 mg L −1 in the reaction zone, while a rebound was observed in MW8. As the reaction time increased, the concentration of carbon tetrachloride decreased below 0.2 mg L −1 and continued to decrease in the four monitoring wells after 192 days. However, a ...
Vitamin D receptor attenuates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver ...
2024年10月5日 · Carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) is commonly used in industrial production as a raw material for the synthesis of dry cleaners, fire extinguishers and pesticides. Currently, as a feedstock for HFCs and HFOs, this chemical has increased and poses a significant environmental hazard due to its toxicity and potential for ozone-depletion [1] , [2] .
Carbon Tetrachloride - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Carbon tetrachloride is known to be metabolized by mouse and rat liver and kidney microsomes, by CYP2E1, to yield a trichloromethyl radical, which may be oxygenated to yield phosgene (Figure 2). Hydrolysis of phosgene would then result in the formation of CO 2 , a major in vivo and in vitro metabolite of carbon tetrachloride.
Nitrate enhanced the carbon tetrachloride degradation in the …
2023年10月1日 · Carbon tetrachloride (CT), formic acid (HCOOH), sodium nitrate (NaNO 3), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3), sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium sulfate (NaSO 4), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) and humic acid (HA) were purchased from Tianjin Guangfu Chemical Research Institute. Methyl viologen is obtained from Macklin (Shanghai, …
A History of the Production and Use of Carbon Tetrachloride ...
2000年6月1日 · Carbon tetrachloride (CTC), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA) were four of the most widely used cleaning and degreasing solvents in the United States. These compounds were also …
Catalytic dechlorination of carbon tetrachloride to combustible ...
2024年10月30日 · Carbon tetrachloride (CT), a common persistent pollutant in groundwater, has attracted widespread attention from environmental researchers. The dechlorination from CT to combustible hydrocarbons not only represents the removal of contaminants, but also offers the possibility of recovering carbon resources from water.
A full mechanistic and kinetics analysis of carbon tetrachloride …
2021年12月1日 · Effect of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) sonochemistry on the size of active bubbles for the production of reactive oxygen and chlorine species in acoustic cavitation field Chem. Eng. J. , 426 ( 2021 ) , Article 130251 , 10.1016/j.cej.2021.130251