Diagram of a chloroplast inside a cell, showing thylakoid stacks Nucelus (N), mitochindria (M), plasma membrane (PM), chloroplast outer envelope (OE) chloroplast inner envelope (IE).

Photosynthesis efficiency in plants is influenced by the type of nitrogen absorbed. Ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) are the primary nitrogen sources, each affecting plant physiology differently.

Chloroplasts, the plant powerhouses, send signals to roots We don't know what it is, but it controls the expression of nuclear genes.

Purdue University scientists have discovered a key mechanism that regulates how plants develop chloroplasts, essential structures responsible for the photosynthesis that sustains life on Earth by ...

Researchers now know which protein triggers light-harvesting plant chloroplasts to turn into cell defenders when a pathogen attacks.

But how collapsed chloroplasts are removed has yet to be explained. Autophagy is the "self-eating" process of consuming unwanted elements in the cells of eukaryotes such as yeast, humans and plants.

Chloroplasts' ancient origins: Organelles may have emerged as energy producers before switching to carbon assimilation by University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Editors' notes ...

2. The chloroplast is surrounded by a more or less permanent sheath of non-granular cytoplasm. 3. No evidence was found of the existence of an osmotic membrane around the chloroplast. 4. Certain ...

A study uncovers a new role for ion transporters: they participate in gene regulation in chloroplasts.

When plant cells are infected with pathogens, networks of tiny tubes called stromules grow from the chloroplasts to the cell's nucleus and trigger programmed cell death and innate immune responses.